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Synoeca surinama
''Synoeca surinama'' is a Neotropical swarm-founding wasp of the tribe Epiponini. It is known for its metallic blue and black appearance and painful sting.〔 ''S. surinama'' builds nests on tree trunks and can be found in tropical climates of South America.〔〔 When preparing to swarm, there are a number of pre-swarming behaviors that members of ''S. surinama ''colonies partake in, such as buzzing runs and occasional brood cannibalism.〔 In ''S. surinama, ''social environmental conditions determine the caste ranks of individuals in the developing brood.〔 Unlike less primitive Hymenoptera species, ''S. surinama ''display little morphological variation between egglaying queens and workers.〔 ''S. surinama ''wasps visit flowering plants and are considered pollinators.〔 When these wasps sting, the stinger is left in the victim and the wasp ultimately dies.〔 Additionally, ''S. surinama ''wasps produce extremely painful stings.〔
==Taxonomy and phylogenetics==
The genus ''Synoeca'' is small, monophyletic, and is made up of the five species ''S. chalibea, S. virginea, S. septentrionalis, S. surinama, ''and ''S. cyanea.'' The sister species of ''S. surinama'' within the genus is ''S. cyanea.''
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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